Case Study Rwanda Genocide Essay - 1563 Words

Case Study: Rwanda The conflict in Rwanda is probably the most well known and documented case of genocide since the holocaust. Through years of discrimination based on ethnic and class based differences, the population of Rwanda has been constantly entrenched in periods of fighting, refuge and genocide. In the following essay we will explore the background of the conflict. Specifically the historical implications, the parties involved the reasons for the fighting and the result of conflict. Next we will try to investigate some of the theories related to the conflict and discuss views of prominent authors who have attempted to define the reasoning behind this most incomprehensible conflict. Historical Background The origin of the†¦show more content†¦The identity cards remained in use into the post-independence era, and unfortunately also provided central assistance to the crazed militias who would later carry out the atrocities on the Rwandan population. After World War II, the trend of decolonization was sweeping Africa and the pacific and it was then that the Tutsis would lead a campaign for independence from the Belgians (Cook, 2006). With the opportunity for independence, Rwandans like in any other country fighting for independence at the time, divided into parties vying for the lead role in government. While the Tutsis historically had privilege to this position, before decolonization occurred the Belgians began switching out Tutsi representatives for Hutus out of fear that a majority Hutu party would come out victorious (Rwanda, 2008). The Belgian suspicion of a Hutu overthrow came to fruition when the Hutus took control of Rwanda in 1959 (Rwanda, 2008). After the overthrow, vengeful Hutu militias murdered about 15,000 Tutsis, and more than 100,000 Tutsis fled to bordering countries, primarily Uganda and Burundi (Cook, 2006). The Tutsis remaining in Rwanda were stripped of their possessions and positions of power under the re gime of Juvà ©nal Habyarimana, who came to power in 1973 (January, 2007). Background Post-Independence/Parties During Habyarimana’s rule as president an estimated oneShow MoreRelatedHumanitarian Intervention Essay1198 Words   |  5 Pagescrime against humanity. (Humanitarian, 2008) Realism explains that humanitarian intervention came about during the genocide in Bosnia but not in Rwanda because even though it might have been the correct moral action to take, intervention in Rwanda was not in the national interest of other states. Also, there was no humanitarian intervention in the Rwanda genocide because the genocide was not explicitly known about. (Hintjens, 1999) On the other hand, humanitarian intervention occurred in BosniaRead MoreMedia Representation of the Rwandan Genocide1202 Words   |  5 Pagesexample of the Rwanda Genocide my argument is that representation is constitutive of the ways in which we understand the world and of the hierarchy that currently exists within mainstream media. As (Michael J. Shapiro, 1989) discussed ‘The reason for looking at representat ional practices in relation to texts, language and modes of interpretation is because it is through these practices that ideas about International Relations are produced’. Through the media coverage on the Rwanda Genocide I investigateRead MoreThe Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe Rwanda Genocide was an unfortunate case where thousands of deaths could have been prevented, but because of irresponsibility and selfishness of global governments’ innocent lives were lost. The Genocide began on April 6, 1994 and was, â€Å"initiated by the Hutu political elite and extremists and its military support, their prime targets were the Tutsi, as well as Hutu moderates.† (Hain 2) The Hutu made up majority of the population and government officials and enforced a government-assisted militaryRead MoreGhosts of Rwanda Essay1374 Words   |  6 PagesGhosts of Rwanda Reflection Does the Genocide in Rwanda have a singular cause? I do not believe so; the cause of genocide in Rwanda in 1994 was due to years of built up hatred between the Tutsis and the Hutus along with many other occurrences. The Rwandan Genocide is no exception with many variables contributing to the horrific events that took place. According to the documentary Ghosts of Rwanda, in 1994, Rwanda experienced a premeditated, systematic and state sponsored genocide with the aimRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide s Impact On The Experiences Of The Children And Youths Present At The Time1622 Words   |  7 PagesThe genocide in Rwanda is representative of one of the most horrendous and unnecessary losses to life in recent world history. Rwanda’s crisis is a historical product, not a biological fatality or a ‘spontaneous’ bestial outburst. Both the Tutsi and the Hutu, were not predestined for all eternity to disembowel one another because the taller and thinner of the two came from Egypt, while the shorter stockier ones were born in the shores of Lake Kivu. This genocide has a history filled with complexRead MoreThe Rationale Behind Rwandan Foreign Policy1102 Words   |  5 Pagesgovernment policy makers through field research. Intrinsic case study research methodology was the primary instrument in the gathering and interpretation of this thesis. I wanted to study in order to learn, understand and explain the rationale behind Rwandan foreign policy. Rwanda’s horrific history with the inactions of the international community made the case study appear to be very interesting. There are only a handful of modern post-genocide states whose foreign relations is at some level dictatedRead MoreRwanda During The Colonial Era1502 Words   |  7 Pagescolonial era, Rwanda had larger population of Hutus compared to Tutsis and Twa. Rwanda as a country was divided into three ethnic groups i.e. Hutu (approximately about 85%), Tutsi (14%) and Twa (1%) (United Nati ons). Although, Tutsis were the minorities, they belonged to the higher strata compared to the other ethnic groups; Tutsis were privileged and had power and control over the Hutus and Twas. â€Å"Hutus were formerly bound to their Tutsi patrons via client ship† (Sinema, 2012). When Rwanda was colonizedRead MoreEssay on Comparing Rwanda - Holocaust756 Words   |  4 PagesGenocide is a powerful word. International law requires intervention if something is deemed genocide. There is no doubt that the Holocaust is the most famous and most studied case of genocide, although there have been numerous throughout history. One of the more recent is the Rwandan genocide, in which 800,000 people were killed (United Human Rights). The two have several similarities and differences in their origins, exterminations and aftermath. The origin of the Holocaust can be attributed toRead MoreGenocide Committed during Second World War 1181 Words   |  5 PagesThe genocide committed during Second World War is one that still scars the human psyche to this day. The horrors of the Second World War lead to Raphael Lemkin’s creation of a new word, â€Å"genocide† in 1944 (Conversi 2006: 320). The definition of genocide is still under dispute by academics (Dallaire and Coleman 2013: 778; Manaktala 2012: 179; Hinton 2012: 11). For the purposes of this essay the definition used is the one created by the United Nations following the signing of resolution 240 (StantonRead MoreRelationship Between Rwanda, Israels Perceptions Of The 1994 Rwandan Genocide1249 Words   |  5 Pagessince the 1994 Rwandan Genocide. This research has led to a greater exploration of regional dynamics between other African Great Lakes region nations. During my various periods living within Rwanda, I have had the opportunity to perform independent research and analysis on the nation’s political, military, agricultural-focused development, religious and social history and presence. This research resulted in my publication for the Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs titled, â€Å"Rwanda, Israel, and Operation

The Odyssey Study Guide - 2304 Words

Study Guide Questions: Homer’s Odyssey Directions: Provide clear and accurate responses to the following questions. Incorporate quoted evidence for support , provide page numbers, and insightful analysis (how or why the information/quote is important). Use blue/black ink and make your responses legible. Book I 1. What does the invocation (the first 13 lines) say the poem as a whole will emphasize? 2. What first impression does this book give us of the gods? How much of a role do they play in human affairs? What seems to motivate their actions? 3. What is our first introduction to various characters? The suitors, for instance†¦. are they a homogeneous group, or are there differences among them? What†¦show more content†¦Describe/Discuss Nausicaa’s behavior/interaction with Odysseus. What makes Nausicaa an admirable character? How does Odysseus treat Nausicaa? Provide character analysis. Book VII 16. What sort of kingdom is Phaecia? How well is it governed, judging from the way the King relates to his family and subjects, and the way he receives the suppliant who washed up on his shores? 17. Discuss Odysseus’ interaction with Arà ªte. Provide analysis. What does Odysseus say when Arà ªte questions him sharply and asks him to reveal his identity? Study Guide Questions: Homer’s Odyssey Directions: Provide clear and accurate responses to the following questions. Incorporate quoted evidence for support , provide page numbers, and insightful analysis (how or why the information/quote is important). Use blue/black ink and make your responses legible. Book VIII 18. What effect does the first song sung by Demodocus have upon Odysseus? Demodocus sings again later in the book - again, with what effect on Odysseus? Discuss and analyze each of these songs and their effect on Odysseus. 19. How does Odysseus respond to Euryalus’ challenge? Why? What Odyssean qualities shine through in this episode of athletic competition? Provide analysis (characterization and cultural insight). Book IX 20. When does Odysseus reveal his identity? How has he been careful in keeping that information to himself from Books 5-8?Show MoreRelatedThe Aeneid Essay1069 Words   |  5 Pagesland to their name. Virgil was provided with an education that quenched his thirst for knowledge. He showed a particular interest in mathematics and medicine, but also studied in law and rhetoric. Quickly after his first law case, he gave up his studies of law and turned his interests to philosophy. Due to civil unrest, Virgil was forced to flee his home in 49 B.C. He traveled to Naples and began his career as a poet. With sponsorship from his friend, Augustus Caesar, Virgil was able to enjoy theRead MoreSimilarities Between The Odyssey And Harry Potter996 Words   |  4 PagesThe Hero’s Journey: Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone and The Odyssey Published in the 8th century B.C.E and 1997 respectively, both The Odyssey by Homer and Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone by J. K. Rowling are universally known arts of literature. The Hero’s Journey is a commonly used trope incorporated in numerous amounts of tales. This trope involves a hero who goes on a journey, finds himself in a crisis, defeats his enemies, and comes home changed. Harry Potter, the main characterRead MoreEssay on Gilgamesh and Odysseus996 Words   |  4 Pagesepics that the two characters are featured in Gilgamesh, was developed from early Mesopotamia and the Odyssey in early Greece. Gilgamesh was a very popular and it was very valuable to the historian of Mesopotamian culture because it reveals much about the religious world, such as their attitudes toward the gods, how a hero was defined and regarded, views about death and friendship. The Odyssey was also very popular in its time. It was set in ancient Greece where in its culture; mythology wasRead MoreThe Search for Destiny in The Epic of Gilgamesh, The Odyssey, and The Aeneid997 Words   |  4 PagesThe Search for Destiny in The Epic of Gilgamesh, The Odyssey, and The Aeneid The search for destiny is reflected in the literary works such as The Epic of Gilgamesh, Homers The Odyssey, and Virgils The Aeneid. The hero of each story travels to the land of the dead in order to satisfy their individual needs. And even though each one has a different motive for the journey, they share two things in common. First, each hero seeks to know something about his future or destiny. And secondRead MoreEssay about Iliad and The Odyssey by Homer1702 Words   |  7 PagesAn epic poem is a long narrative poem, normally having to do with a serious subject while covering heroic deeds and events important for a culture or nation. Homer, the author of Iliad and the Odyssey, is perhaps the most famous and notable writer of epics. Inspired directly from the stories that had been passed down orally over the centuries, Homer wrote these epic poems retelling the stories of the last year of the Trojan War and Odysseus’s journey home after the Trojan War. These epics are fille dRead MoreEssay about Analysis of Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s Epic Poem Ulysses1191 Words   |  5 PagesTennyson’s poetry, from English folk law characters such as King Arthur that featured in â€Å"Morte D’Arthur and other Idyllis† to the Greek mariner and adventurer Ulysses. The character of Ulysses has featured in many great epic poems, most notably Homer’s â€Å"Odyssey† and â€Å"Iliad† and Dante’s â€Å"The Divine Comedy†. Tennyson although not unique in his characterisation of the Ulysses, he does however provides a different representation of the Greek hero, than his peers and predecessors’. We discover Ulysses afterRead MoreA Comparative Analysis of Characters in Oh Brother, Where Art Thou?, Homers Iliad and Odyssey and The Alchemist765 Words   |  3 PagesJedi Knights in Star Wars; the treasure varies from movie to movie; Harry Potter, Frodo Baggins, and many more. Two other examples of this are the hunt for the treasure in the movie Oh Brother For Art Thou, a modern retelling of Homers Iliad and Odyssey, and the Paulo Coelho 1988 novel The Alchemist. Similar in many ways, dissimilar in age, species and even planet, these three characters nevertheless undergo both a personal evolution during their journey and become heroic in their selfless determinationRead MoreThe Is The Witness Of The Times1475 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluential epic poem has a completely different vibe as the warrior d escribes homecoming, love, revenge and more, (Homer’s Odyssey, p42). These two poems have were incredibly influential and their impact can be seen in the cultures they touched; even though they were written in approximately 800 BCE. Some examples of literature that was influenced by the Iliad and the Odyssey and still remain popular today, even though they were written long after the original poems, are the Percy Jackson SeriesRead More The Character Achilles in Homers The Iliad993 Words   |  4 Pages Achilles continues to mutilate the corpse of Hector, while the gods continue to preserve it (Approaches of Teaching Homers Iliad). Finally, the gods agree that Achilles should accept an immense ransom for the return of the body, so Hermes guides Priam to Achilles tent, so that Priam can make his case, and present his ransom, in person. (thinkquest.org/library/site_sum.html?tname=23057url=23057/iliad4.html). Priam pleads with Achilles to remember his mortal parent, and recognizeRead MoreJourney of the Hero in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer ´s Stone Essay886 Words   |  4 Pagesuniversally known for his work in comparative folklore and culture. His studies led him to discover the pattern, journey of the hero. The sequence consists of three stages and exists in many dealings with Greek mythology as well as current popular culture. A modern example of the occurring cycle is the 2001 production, Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. In the film, an orphaned young boy named Harry Potter is invited to study at Hogwarts, School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. In time, he is involved

Set of Industry Analysis Templates †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Set of Industry Analysis Templates. Answer: Introduction Inditex is a multinational clothing organization of Spanish origin which has its headquarters in Arteixo, Galicia. Inditex is considered to be the biggest fashion based group in the entire world and it operates more than 7200 stores in around 93 markets. The flagship brand of the group is Zara and is owns other chains like, Zara Home, Bershka, Massimo Dutti, Pull and Bear, Oysho, Stradivarius, Uterque. Majority of the stores of Inditex are corporate-owned in nature and franchises are operated in the areas or countries where the corporate properties are not owned ("Home uk - inditex.com", 2018). The unique business model that is operated by the organization is related to the commitment of the group towards the production of materials related to the current year rather than focussing on future fashion. The group started its operations in the year 1975 mainly in the clothing industry with its first store named Zara in Spain. The organization then opened more stores in the other areas of Spain as well. The group started its international expansion in the year 1989 and they entered the market in Portugal. The organization then expanded in the United States and France in the following years ("Home uk - inditex.com", 2018). The main focus of this report is to analyse the internal and the external environment of the Inditex group and the ways the environment of the organization affects its operations and profitability. The external environment of Inditex Group is mainly related to the several economic, demographical, social, ecological and management related factors. The external forces that affect the operations of the Inditex Group are mainly related to the economic forces, technological forces, competitive forces. The changes that occur in the external environment can affects the profitability of the Inditex Group. The cultural and the social changes have made major impact on the services, products, customers and markets. The changes in the political environment have affected the taxes that are paid by the group, the formulation of the strategies and the implementation of these strategies (Dobscha, Mentzer Littlefield, 2015). Analysis of the industry environment Suppliers The power of the suppliers of the Inditex Group is low as they have offered licenses to a huge number of suppliers. Buyers The various brands of the Inditex Group have a customer base which ranges from the middle class to the upper class people. The buyer power related to the Inditex Group is high. Threats of the new entrants The Inditex Group experiences high pressure related to the entry of new organizations in the fashion retail industry. Substitutes The pressure related substitutes of the services and products offered by Inditex Group is moderate as good alternatives are not always available in the market (E. Dobbs, 2014). The Inditex Group and the various that operate under this group need to face stiff competition from various other fashion retailers like, New Look, John Lewis, New Look, MS, Peacocks. The online shopping platforms have provided high levels of competition to the various brands that operate under the Inditex Group. Opportunities The search related to new market area of Inditex Group can provide the organization with great opportunities of growth. The organization can innovate the services and products that it offers and improve the quality of these products. The Group can also aim at adopting the new technologies that are available in the market. The customer services need to be more improved and dedicated. Threats The entry of new competitors in the retail industry has been a major threat towards the profitability of the Group. The increased price of the raw materials can also be a major drawback for the revenues of Inditex Group (Jackson, Schuler Jiang, 2014). The major resource that is owned by the Inditex Group are the loyal customers of its various brands. The organization has operated one of the most successful brands of fashion retail which is Zara. The products and the services have always been designed according to the preferences and choice of the consumers. The huge number of stores of the Inditex Group are the major tangible resources of the Group. Identification of the capabilities of Inditex Group The core strategy related to the operations of Inditex Group are the quick turnover their inventory, lead time, low volume of remaining inventory of each of the styles. The organization has been able to prove its core competencies and strategies by designing the products and services according to the latest trends and the preference of the customers (Sheehan Bruni-Bossio, 2015). Raw Materials The fabric is sourced in various colours and the cuts and designs of the products take place within the factory premises. Suppliers The suppliers of the organization are located close to the factories where the products of Inditex Group are manufactured and it helps in the easy sourcing on a need basis. Manufacturing More than 50% of the entire product range are manufactured in Spain and 25% comes from Europe as well. Warehousing The entire production of the organization is received from the warehouses in logistics centres in Spain. Distribution The products that are manufactured are distributed in small batches. The main categorization of the products is done in Spain. Stores The stores of the various brands under Inditex are all owned by the company. Consumers The customer feedback is communicated by the managers related to the likes and the dislikes of the consumers (Koc Bozdag, 2017). Identification of Strengths and the Weaknesses Strengths The market image of the various brands that operate under Inditex Group like, Zara is quite strong due to the style, quality and the availability of the products. The financial strength of the Group has helped them in investing in the various activities which can provide results. The diverse network of the organization and the strategic store location is another major strength of the Inditex Group. Weaknesses The high price of the products is major weakness of the organization as they do not compromise on their quality. The lack of proper marketing strategy is also a major weakness of the Inditex Group which can affect the operations in the market (Monteiro Birkinshaw, 2017). References Dobscha, S., Mentzer, J. T., Littlefield, J. E. (2015). Do external factors play an antecedent role to market orientation?. InProceedings of the 1994 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 333-337). Springer, Cham. Dobbs, M. (2014). Guidelines for applying Porter's five forces framework: a set of industry analysis templates.Competitiveness Review,24(1), 32-45. Home uk - inditex.com. (2018).Inditex.com. Retrieved 2 April 2018, from https://www.inditex.com/ Jackson, S. E., Schuler, R. S., Jiang, K. (2014). An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management.The Academy of Management Annals,8(1), 1-56. Koc, T., Bozdag, E. (2017). Measuring the degree of novelty of innovation based on Porter's value chain approach.European Journal of Operational Research,257(2), 559-567. Monteiro, F., Birkinshaw, J. (2017). The external knowledge sourcing process in multinational corporations.Strategic Management Journal,38(2), 342-362. Sheehan, N. T., Bruni-Bossio, V. (2015). Strategic value curve analysis: Diagnosing and improving customer value propositions.Business Horizons,58(3), 317-324.

The evolution of the tennis racket Essay Example

The evolution of the tennis racket Paper Until about thirty years ago, wooden rackets were largely the popular rackets used by the majority of tennis players. As the trend to developing new technologies and increasing ones ability to play, new rackets arose from many new companies. These new rackets were made of metal and metal composites as well as included many advantages over the older wooden rackets. However, the introduction of this new generation of rackets proved not to be as valuable to companies and to the game as the wooden rackets were beforehand and thus changed the future of tennis. In the following paper, the new metal rackets of today will be proven to be an elevator for the game of tennis instead of stifling the growth of tennis, contrary to popular expectations. French monks first played tennis in the 11th and 12th centuries using their hands to hit the ball against a wall. Over time, people began to use other mechanisms to hit the ball because the constant pressure on the hand from hitting the ball caused pain. Gloves were the first innovation to the game and a few years later, players used webbed gloves to increase the hitting area. From gloves arose paddles and then the first strung rackets. According to Jeff Cooper, a tennis professional and historian, ancestors of the rackets that we formally know today were widely used by the 14th century (Cooper 1). However, it was not until the 1500s that Italian inventors developed wooden rackets and tennis was first played across nets. We will write a custom essay sample on The evolution of the tennis racket specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The evolution of the tennis racket specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The evolution of the tennis racket specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Nevertheless, tennis still did not have real rules. According to Jeff Cooper, it was not until the late 1800s that Major Walter Wingfield published the first rules of tennis similar to the tennis rules of today in London (Cooper 1). Shortly following this introduction of the first set of rules, the first serve was hit at Wimbledon signaling the start of the most prestigious tennis tournament in the world. Setting a trend in tournament play, many other tournaments appeared across the world and were also played on grass courts like the courts of Wimbledon. Furthermore, a small group of tennis club members developed the United States National Lawn Tennis Association in 1881, the first governing body of the game of tennis. Most tournaments were played on grass at this time and three out of four Grand Slams were on grass as well. As a result, ideal play was designed for the low bouncing balls on the grass courts and wooden rackets became extremely popular among the players of the world. However, there were no specifications for the types of rackets used. In addition to this, the president of the USTA (which is the current name for the United States Tennis Association that evolved from the USNLTA) stated, You can play with a tomato can on a broomstick, if you think you can win with it. (Tenner 1) Another example of the causality of tennis racket limitations is found in the American Lawn Tennis magazine: The appearance in an English tournament of a player using a racket in each hand occasioned surprise recently. Upon investigation, it was found that there is no rule forbidding such action. Some people think this strange. It is nothing of the kind. A player can use as many rackets, and as many kinds, as he desires; just as he may play with a racket in either his right or left hand, or with both. He does not even have to use a racket, as the term is generally understood. He can use anything that by any stretch of the imagination can be described as a racket. Indeed, there have been cases where, as a special stunt, instead of a racket a barrel stave was used, and even a soda bottle. The laws, properly enough, are not concerned with the kind of racket used; it can be of any size or shape.  Summed up, a player can use to hit the ball any implement that can be regarded as complying with the term racket. About the only thing that cannot legally be used to hit the ball is a players hand or arm. (USLTA 72).